Capital Gains, simply put, is profit received on sale of a capital asset owned. It comes into your possession by direct purchase, gift or inheritance, or rights conferred by a company.
Income Tax Act considers land, house/apartment, building, machinery, jewellery, antiques, paintings, art work, debt funds, equity funds, shares, company bonds, debentures, government securities, patents, trademarks, and leasehold rights as your capital asset.